IoT Forensics

IoT forensics involves investigating Internet of Things (IoT) devices to uncover evidence of cybercrimes, data breaches, or unauthorized access by analyzing device logs, network traffic, and stored data.

1. Device Identification and Evidence Preservation
   1. Identify the IoT device, secure it, and prevent data tampering by isolating it from the network.
   1. Tools: Shodan (Download), FTK Imager (Download).
2. Extract Firmware and Logs
   1. Access device firmware, system logs, and configuration files for analysis.
   1. Tools: Firmwalker (Download), Binwalk (Download).
3. Network Traffic Analysis
   1. Capture and analyze network activity for IoT device communication, suspicious traffic, or data exfiltration.
   1. Tools: Wireshark (Download), TShark (Download).
4. Analyze IoT Device Data
   1. Investigate device storage, memory dumps, and logs for user activity or unauthorized access.
   1. Tools: X-Ways Forensics (Download), Magnet AXIOM (Download).
5. Reverse Engineer Firmware
   1. Reverse engineer the firmware to identify vulnerabilities, backdoors, or malicious code.
   1. Tools: Ghidra (Download), Radare2 (Download).
6. Document and Report Findings
   1. Document evidence, findings, and timelines, including extracted logs, metadata, and identified security breaches.

Open-Source Tools:

1. Firmwalker: Analyze IoT firmware for vulnerabilities and hidden configurations. Download
2. Binwalk: Extract and reverse engineer firmware images. Download
3. Wireshark: Capture and analyze IoT network traffic. Download
4. Radare2: Reverse engineer device firmware. Download

Commercial Tools:

1. X-Ways Forensics: Forensic analysis of IoT storage and memory. Download
2. Magnet AXIOM: Comprehensive IoT forensic suite. Download
3. Shodan: Identify exposed IoT devices on networks. Download